Knowledge / Space Science & Astronomy

Galaxies and Large-Scale Structure

The formation, structure, evolution, and distribution of galaxies across the Universe.

By Siddhant Krishna · Published 2026-10-06 · Updated 2026-10-06

Galaxy Types

Spiral galaxies.
Elliptical galaxies.
Irregular galaxies.
Lenticular galaxies.

Galaxy Formation

Galaxies grow through gravitational collapse, gas accretion, star formation, mergers, and interactions with their surrounding dark-matter structures and environments.

Active Galactic Nuclei

Active galactic nuclei are luminous central regions powered by accretion onto supermassive black holes. Jets and outflows can influence the surrounding galaxy and intragalactic environment.

References

OpenStax, university-level astronomy covering stars, galaxies, cosmology, planetary systems, and observational astronomy.
https://openstax.org/details/books/astronomy-2e
NASA/IPAC scientific database for extragalactic objects and published astronomical measurements.
https://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/

CosmologyThe study of the Universe as a whole: its expansion, history, composition, geometry, and large-scale evolution.Black HolesExtreme gravitational objects described by general relativity and characterized by horizons and strong spacetime curvature.

Galaxy Types

Galaxy Formation

Active Galactic Nuclei

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