01
SCADA
SCADA systems provide supervisory visibility over geographically distributed or centralized equipment. Typical functions include telemetry, visualization, alarm handling, logging, remote commands, and historical analysis.
02
Human-Machine Interfaces
An HMI presents process state to operators and allows authorized control actions. Good HMI design makes abnormal conditions, system state, alarms, and available actions clear without overwhelming the operator.
03
Alarm Management
- Alarms should communicate actionable abnormal conditions.
- Flooding operators with low-value alarms reduces situational awareness.
- Alarm priorities should reflect consequence and urgency.
- Historical alarm data can reveal recurring process problems.