01
Wheeled Robots
Wheeled platforms are mechanically efficient and common in logistics, agriculture, inspection, and service robotics. Differential-drive, Ackermann, omnidirectional, and other drive configurations impose different motion constraints.
02
Legged Robots
Legged robots can traverse irregular terrain and negotiate obstacles that may block wheeled platforms. The additional degrees of freedom create challenging balance, contact planning, and whole-body control problems.
03
Aerial Robots
Multirotor aircraft use thrust to control position and attitude in three dimensions. Their mobility enables inspection, mapping, photography, agriculture, delivery research, and search operations.
04
Planetary and Space Robotics
Space robots operate under severe communication delay, energy constraints, radiation exposure, limited maintenance opportunities, and unusual terrain or dynamics. Autonomy is therefore especially important for planetary exploration.