01
Compounding
future capability = current capability × cumulative learning
Capabilities such as engineering expertise, manufacturing know-how, customer trust, distribution, data, and infrastructure can compound when repeated use improves the system.
02
Mission
A durable mission can provide a coordination mechanism for long-horizon technical projects whose immediate economic return may be uncertain.
03
Time Horizon
Long-term thinking does not mean ignoring near-term economics. A company must survive long enough for its long-term strategy to matter.